EXAM-MASTER – (VS_Mar23_Eng_Th) - OCCUPATIONAL VISION SCREENING – THEORY EXAM

Question 1 of 59

1. Question

1 point(s)

Complete the sentence:

The blink reflex…….. :

Protects the eye from dust, grit, and perspiration
Closes and opens the eye voluntarily
Decreases with age and the reduction of hormones
Can be activated by touching the eyelids

Question 2 of 59

2. Question

1 point(s)

The sclera, known as the white of the eye is responsible to:

Create the moisture for eye
To provide the eye with blood through its vascular supply
Protect the eye from serious damage caused by trauma
Keep the eye soft and flexible so that it can dilate and constrict

Question 3 of 59

3. Question

1 point(s)

Rods are photoreceptors that distinguish _____________.

Light and dark
Colour
Distance
Shapes

Question 4 of 59

4. Question

1 point(s)

Cones are photoreceptors that distinguish _____________.

Light and dark
Colour
Distance
Shapes

Question 5 of 59

5. Question

1 point(s)

Light stimulates the nerve cells and send a message via the optic nerve to which part of
the brain?

Visual cortex
Temporal lobe
Optic chiasm
Cerebral cortex

Question 6 of 59

6. Question

1 point(s)

Depth perception allows humans to see in 3-D which is?

Shape, colour, and form
Width, height, and length
Distance
Shading and distance

Question 7 of 59

7. Question

1 point(s)

Figure A:

Figure A is an example of what type of depth perception?

Linear perspective
Relative size
Interposition
Light and shadow

Question 8 of 59

8. Question

1 point(s)

Trauma is the leading cause of unilateral blindness and visual impairment:

True
False

Question 9 of 59

9. Question

1 point(s)

The agricultural industry has the highest rate of superficial eye injuries:

True
False

Question 10 of 59

10. Question

1 point(s)

Vision assessments should take into account 2 important things, what are they:

Person job specification and occupational risk exposure profile of the employee
Age and social background of the employee
Level of education and job title of the employee
Name and identity number of the employee

Question 11 of 59

11. Question

1 point(s)

Figure B:

What industry is depicted in Figure B?:

Manufacturing
Automotive
Mining
Construction Industry

Question 12 of 59

12. Question

1 point(s)

Figure C:

Using Figure C, which industry is depicted?:

Manufacturing
Automotive
Mining
Construction Industry

Question 13 of 59

13. Question

1 point(s)

Figure D:

What are the expected visual risks for employees in the industry associated with Figure D?:

Airborne metals and sparks from saw blades
Oil, grease, and dust
Dust, cold and noise
Chemicals and noise

Question 14 of 59

14. Question

1 point(s)

Automated vision screeners can conduct the full assessment of the eyes and vision:

True
False

Question 15 of 59

15. Question

1 point(s)

The Merchant Shipping Act, No.57 of 1951 makes special reference to seafarers with regards to?

Working on a ship – 6/6 vision is required by all seafarers
Eyesight certification – the certificate can be signed by an OHNP and OMP
Visual certificates of fitness – are valid for 24 months
Glasses or contact lenses – 2 pairs are required if refraction is necessary

Question 16 of 59

16. Question

1 point(s)

Figure E

Using Figure E, match the type of vehicle to National Road Traffic Act Categorisation?

Category P
Category B
Category C
Category A

Question 17 of 59

17. Question

1 point(s)

Who is excluded from COID Act?

Domestic employees
Hospitatily employees
Seafarers
Members of the defence force

Question 18 of 59

18. Question

1 point(s)

A vision protection program (VPP) is a programme aimed at the prevention of visual impairment and injury:

True
False

Question 19 of 59

19. Question

1 point(s)

Figure E

Using Figure E, what type of vehicle category as per SASOM guidelines is depicted and
does not fall under the NRTA:

Category 1 – Standard vehicles
Category 2 – D / P / G PrDP lisence
Category 3 – Special Vehicles
Category 4 – Trains and Planes

Question 20 of 59

20. Question

1 point(s)

A vision protection programme (VPP) needs to be reviewed at intervals not exceeding
two years or as soon as there has been a significant change in?

Work methods, machinery or processes, and type of work changes
The person who does the work changes
Management changes
Lighting

Question 21 of 59

21. Question

1 point(s)

Figure F

Using Figure F – Hierarchy of Controls, which is the best method or highest method of
control?

Elimination
Substitution
Administrative
PPE

Question 22 of 59

22. Question

1 point(s)

Which of the Hierarchy of Controls is described / explained below ?

Change the way people work:

PPE
Administrative
Engineering
Substitution

Question 23 of 59

23. Question

1 point(s)

Does the automated vision screener need annual calibration?

Yes
No

Question 24 of 59

24. Question

4 point(s)

Eyestrain as a result of (caused by) exposure to computers / digital glare is common.
Identify which 4 ocular (eye) symptoms are related to this type exposure?:

Difficulty focusing
Stress
Red, itchy, dry and burning eyes
Backache
Eye twitching
Temporary near sightedness

Question 25 of 59

25. Question

1 point(s)

In preparation for vision testing, the following environmental principles need to be
adhered to except?:

A quiet; well ventilated; private (but not necessarily confidential) office.
For a Snellen chart – the lighting must be at least 480 lux (level).
The main light source for a Snellen chart must be above and in front of the client – not behind.
The clients chair should have wheels on it and should not be adjustable to accommodate height.

Question 26 of 59

26. Question

1 point(s)

In preparation for vision testing, the below list of hygiene principles needs to be
adhered to except?:

The floors should be washable.
Never use wipes to clean automated screener.
There should be a basin to wash hands between clients.
Wear a mask during the Covid 19 pandemic.

Question 27 of 59

27. Question

6 point(s)

What training should be provided to employees about eyes, vision and ocular health?

Identify 6 points from the list below:

Potential sources of exposure to ocular risks
Potential risks to health and safety in terms of eyes
Record keeping
Selection, care and maintenance of eye protection.
Precautions to be implemented by the employer and followed by the employee to protect the eyes
The type of work to be done
The scope of regulations relating to eye safety
The requirements of medical assessment including eyes

Question 28 of 59

28. Question

2 point(s)

Far visual acuity is tested using the following 2 charts?:

Snellen chart
Tumbling E chart
Automated vision screeners
Jaegar chart

Question 29 of 59

29. Question

3 point(s)

Near visual acuity is tested using the following 3 charts?:

Sloan Chart
Jaeger chart
Automated vision screeners
Rosenbaum Chart

Question 30 of 59

30. Question

1 point(s)

An accurate vision screening report will include the measurement of visual acuity for?:

Both eyes
Right and left eyes
Right eye, Left eye, and Both eyes
When the person is wearing their glasses only
When the person is not wearing the glasses but uses glasses for vision

Question 31 of 59

31. Question

2 point(s)

Figure F

Using Figure F, what is being assessed AND what is used to do the assessment?:

Rosenbaum Chart
Ishihara Chart
Snellen Chart
Near Vision
Colour Vision
Far Vision

Question 32 of 59

32. Question

5 point(s)

When taking a detailed history (before vision screening is done) what 5 points should
be covered:

Demographic History
Occupational History
Reproductive History
General Medical History
Medication
ENT History
Recreational History
Dietary / Nutritional History

Question 33 of 59

33. Question

3 point(s)

The results of a far visual acuity test, tested with a 6m Snellen chart will be inaccurate or invalid if the following 3 errors occur?:

Chart is mounted at eye level
Operator does not observe the client for leaning forward or squinting.
One eye is occluded at a time when tested then both eyes are tested
Person is not tested wearing their glasses even if they usually wear glasses
The chart is positioned 6m from the wall to where the employee stands
There is a spot light above and infront of the chart with a 100w bright white globe lighting the chart

Question 34 of 59

34. Question

1 point(s)

A person (employee requiring a vision screening assessment) who usually wears spectacles and who has forgotten their glasses at home must?:

Be reprimanded about not wearing their glasses.
Get another appointment to test with the glasses.
Have their eyes tested at the optometrist.
Be tested and referred if the findings are abnormal.

Question 35 of 59

35. Question

1 point(s)

Figure G

During an examination of the eye, using Figure G, would the findings be normal or abnormal?:

Normal
Abnormal

Question 36 of 59

36. Question

1 point(s)

Figure H

Using Figure G, what type of abnormality is depicted in the left eye?:

Ptosis of the left lower eyelid
The eye is bigger on the left than right
The eye is red and inflamed
The eye is normal

Question 37 of 59

37. Question

1 point(s)

When assessing the eyelids, the following is assessed except?:

Oedema of the lids.
Colour, lesions and condition of the eyelids.
Whether the eyelids have make-up on them or not.
Whether the eyelids close and open normally.

Question 38 of 59

38. Question

1 point(s)

When assessing the colour, vascular patterns, nodules and swellings of the conjunctiva
and sclera, what would NOT be applicable?:

Ask the client to look left and right, up and down.
Ask the client to close the eyes tight.
Depress the lower lids with the thumbs and ask the client to look up.
Use a torch and a piece of cotton wool

Question 39 of 59

39. Question

1 point(s)

Figure I

Using Figure I, what condition of the eye is depicted?:

The person has anisocoria
The person has a nystagmus
The person is blind
The person has a strabismus

Question 40 of 59

40. Question

1 point(s)

What is the minimum visual acuity required to drive (A1, A, B or EB) in terms of the National Road Traffic Act No 93 of 1996?:

As long as the person can see he can drive.
Using a Snellen chart – with or without correction 6/12 or 20/40.
Using a Snellen chart – with or without correction 6/6 or 20/20.
Using a Snellen chart – with or without correction 6/18 or 20/50.

Question 41 of 59

41. Question

1 point(s)

What is the minimum visual acuity required to drive (C1, C, EC1 or EC) in terms of the National Road Traffic Act No 93 of 1996?:

As long as the person can see he can drive.
Using a Snellen chart – with or without correction 6/9 or 20/30.
Using a Snellen chart – with or without correction 6/6 or 20/20.
Using a Snellen chart – with or without correction 6/18 or 20/50.

Question 42 of 59

42. Question

1 point(s)

In terms of the SASOM guidelines a Category D PrDP authorises?:

Driving of a motorbike.
Driving of a motor vehicle carrying hazardous / dangerous goods.
Driving of a motor vehicle for recreational purposes.
Driving a taxi.

Question 43 of 59

43. Question

1 point(s)

Can a person operate or drive a moving vehicle at night if he/she has night blindness and wears glasses?:

Yes
No

Question 44 of 59

44. Question

1 point(s)

Figure J

Using Figure I provided, what is being assessed?:

Binocular vision using a Snellen chart
The Corneal Light Reflex – Hirschberg Test
The Corneal Reflex – Blink reflex
Visual Fields by Confrontation

Question 45 of 59

45. Question

1 point(s)

Figure K

Using Figure K, is the assessment normal or abnormal?:

Normal
Abnormal

Question 46 of 59

46. Question

1 point(s)

Figure L

Using Figure L, what is being assessed?:

Near Vision
Far Vision
Peripheral vision
Convergence and Divergence

Question 47 of 59

47. Question

1 point(s)

A vision screening test usually measures all of the listed assessments except?:

Far and Near Visual Acuity
Visual Movements
Colour and Depth Perception
Peripheral Vision

Question 48 of 59

48. Question

1 point(s)

Figure M

Using Figure M, what is being tested?:

Near Visual acuity
Far Visual Acuity
Pupil reaction
9 Cardinal fields of Gaze

Question 49 of 59

49. Question

3 point(s)

Common errors in vision testing are 3 of the following?:

When tests are done from memory and not the actual vision.
Allowing the client to peep or look through the part covering the eye not being tested.
Not covering 1 eye at a time.
Watching the employee perform all the assessments carefully
Testing the employee with and without glasses where applicable

Question 50 of 59

50. Question

1 point(s)

When recording the result of the eye test always record the following, except?:

Record the 6m sizing results only.
Record whether the vision is corrected or uncorrected.
Score each eye separately.
Score the binocular vision.

Question 51 of 59

51. Question

1 point(s)

Depth perception testing is also known as?:

Ptosis
Stereopsis
Stereophonic
Binocular

Question 52 of 59

52. Question

3 point(s)

What tests can be used for depth perception testing, identify 3?:

Ishihara Test
Horizontal Lang-2 Pencil Test
Threading of beads
Pouring of water from a jug into a cup
Jaeger Test

Question 53 of 59

53. Question

1 point(s)

What does “PEARRLA” / “PERRLA” stand for?:

Pupils equal, round and reactive to light and accommodation
Pupils equal and reacting to light
Persons eyes are reacting and round with no abnormality
Persons eyes are accommodated, round and reactive to light

Question 54 of 59

54. Question

1 point(s)

What does this ““, an abbreviation for a normal result, stand for?:

Normal corneal blink reflex
Normal corneal light reflex
Normal cardinal fields of gaze
Normal far visual acuity

Question 55 of 59

55. Question

1 point(s)

What does this ““, an abbreviation for a normal result, stand for?:

Normal corneal blink reflex
Normal corneal light reflex
Normal cardinal fields of gaze
Normal far visual acuity

Question 56 of 59

56. Question

1 point(s)

In South Africa, all occupational health records should be kept for?

30 years
40 years
50 years
10 years

Question 57 of 59

57. Question

11 point(s)

What should be recorded on a vision screening report apart from name, age,
occupation and date? Identify 11 from the list provided.

Exposure, duration of exposure and PPE – past and present
Sex
History – a summary of ocular general history
Any ocular conditions / injuries which occurred as a result of work
Whether tested with or without glasses or contact lenses
Whether the employee has make-up on or not
A legend
The results of the physical examination of the eyes
The interpretation of the test results and management
The language spoken by the employee
Any health education done
Storage of the results
Signature of the employee and tester
Level of education
Referral for abnormal results

Question 58 of 59

58. Question

1 point(s)

What should a legend (on a vision report) contain?:

An explanation of the tests done
An explanation of all the abbreviations used in the reports
An explanation of the results of each test
The action and exclusion criteria applied

Question 59 of 59

59. Question

10 point(s)

What tests should be included when performing a non-automated vision screening
test on a (normal vehicle) driver? Identify 10 from the list provided.

Physical assessment of the ears
A Snellen- far vision screening test
A Jaeger – near vision screening test
A full 32 slide Ishihara test
A 3 plate Ishihara test
A horizontal Lang 2-pencil test
A hearing test
A convergence and divergence assessment
A corneal light reflex assessment
A corneal blink reflex assessment
A pupillary reaction assessment
A depth perception test
An assessment of the 9 cardinal fields of gaze
An ear, nose and throat assessment

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EXAM-MASTER – (VS_Mar23_Eng_Th) – OCCUPATIONAL VISION SCREENING – THEORY EXAM